Fixes hipcc rocm-4.0.1 build for AMD GPU
Fixes #1628

* Run examples via scripts (closes #1566)

- make spack ci run use arbor version information
- Cache Spack for GH Actions

Latest Pandas versions required unique indices, breaking the plotting in the python examples.

* Fix failure to return value in `py_mech_cat_value_iterator `.
* String butchered by formatting.
* Join unnecessary separation of string literals in `arborio/cabelio.cpp`
* Add missing throw in s_expr code.
* Return value, not reference, in `merge_iterator::operator++(int)`.
* Check for self-assignment in `mechanism_catalogue`.
* Initialize all members of `mechanism`.
* Fix index check order in `multi_event_stream` debug output.
* Use coordinator_ from base class in `memory::array`.

* Bit of review on the copy of the mech abi docs.
* Convert api/abi docs to C Domain directives.

Implements #1376.

* Provide a common C linkage ABI for externally compiled mechanisms, for both CPU and GPU.
* Remove mechanism type hierarchy (`concrete_mechanism` etc.), and move corresponding functionality to the back-end shared state objects. Mechanism catalogue is no longer indexed by type id.
* Distinguish between SIMD optimal alignment and SIMD width with new `min_align` attribute. Mechanisms provide both pieces of information via ABI.

* added notes re literal_include to python examples
* merged changes in #1504 
* deduped and includified (https://github.com/arbor-sim/arbor/pull/1558) tutorials.
* First divergence of tutorial and code spotted!
* Added some contrib documentation for examples and docs.

Add clang sanitizer passes to GH CI.

Closes #1547.

- Move `MechCat*Iter` to module instead of catalogue class
- Add `keys`, `values`, and `items`
- Fix a typo.

Run only on Linux and Spack/develop

closes #1534

The visibility of symbols in the python shared library is set to 'hidden'. However, examining the dynamic symbol table of the generated `.so` file revealed that all the symbols of the static arbor libraries are still visible. This causes some issues on the Mac M1. To resolve, all source files are now compiled with `-fvisibility=hidden`.

- Minor fixes to python examples.
- Fix `mpi.py` to use new label API.
- Rename `mpi.py`.

- zenodo entry for v0.5.2
- minor formatting update to spack file

1. All s-exp parsing has migrated to `arborio`
2. CV policies can now be read from string as per #1334. This is needed for the GUI project.
2. No longer can `arb::locset` and `arb::region` be constructed from mere strings
2. We have `arborio::literals` to construct `region`s, `locset`s, and `cv_policy`s in the form of `_rg`, `_ls`, and `_cvp`.
3. The `_lab` suffix now constructs an object that converts to `named` morphologies, rather than a simple string.
4. Constructors of `region` and `locset` are now properly guarded
5. Consequently, a lot of missing inheritance from `region_tag` and `locset_tag` was retrofitted.

Closes #1334 
Closes #1419 

* Remove test_simulator.py.
* Add missing python unit test file and fix errors.
* Run python unit tests in verbose mode to display which were skipped.

Don't pass any architecture by default in setup.py to allow for building binary wheels for targets like x86_64.

Build Python package with 'none' arch by default.
Bump version to 0.5.2.

- Add an optional CMake option `ARB_CXX_FLAGS_TARGET` for setting target-specific flags to use when compiling for the target architecture (not applied to compilation of modcc).
- If `ARB_ARCH=="none"` CMake will not add architecture-specific `mtune/march/mcpu` flags
- Remove `ARB_CXXOPT_ARCH` from the installed `arbor-config.cmake`, and replace with more general `ARB_CXX_FLAGS_TARGET`.
- Update spack `package.py` to use this feature to pass custom flags.

Fixes #1519
Fixes #1522 

Replaces PR #1518 

Bump version for release

* Turn each task queue in the task system into a finite set of queues of increasing priority. The number of queues is a compile-time constant, currently two.
* When a task of priority higher than that of the highest priority queue is scheduled, execute it synchronously.
* When scheduling tasks in a task group, use a priority one higher than that of the calling task; when waiting on the task group, work only on tasks with this priority or higher. This is sufficient to avoid the deep recursion issue seen in issue #1570.

Fixes #1570.
Co-authored-by: Sam Yates <yates@cscs.ch>

* Skip relevant corner cases in the matrix solver.
* Minor clean-ups in `make_span`.
* Add regression test for bug, additional unit tests for `span` and `make_span`.

Closes #1540.

New structs and types:
* `cell_tag_type` (std::string): for labelling placeable items on a cell. The label refers to a number of items placed on a locset, equal to the number of locations in a locset. The number of locations in not always known to the user, so the previous way of using indices for items was no longer sufficient. 
* `lid_selection_policy`: for allowing a user to select a single item from a group of items sharing a label. Currently only `round_robin` and `assert_univalent` are supported. 
* `cell_local_label_type` and `cell_global_label_type`: for identifying the target and source of a connection or gap_junction connection. 
* `cell_label_ranges`, and `cell_labels_and_gids`: for propagating information about the labelled items on the cell from the cell groups back to the simulation and communicator. 
* `label_resolution_map` and `resolver`: for selecting an item (and retaining state) from a labelled group of items on a cell according to a user-selected policy.

Changes to the model-initialization: 
* The `communicator` now needs `label_resolution_maps` constructed from the cell group data in order to build the `connections` vectors. 
* The `simulation_state` object handles the transfer of the information when it is constructed. 
* Spike exchange at runtime remains unchanged, because `communicator::connections` remains unchanged. 

Changes to cells, cell_groups and recipe:
* `decor::place` expects a third label parameter, no longer returns an `lid_range`.
* `lif`, `source`, and `benchmark` cells need source/target labels in their constructors. 
* A `cell_group` needs to save data about the gid/labels/lid_ranges of each cell, to propagate back to the `communicator` constructor. 
* Connections/gap junction connections are formed between {label, policy} pairs on cells instead of indices. 
* `num_sources`, `num_targets`, `num_gap_junction_sites` deleted from `recipe`.

Additional changes:
* Add MPI wrapper for exchanging vectors of strings. 
* Corresponding updates to unit tests, Python wrapper, C++ and Python examples, documentation.

Fixes #1394

* Sort collected spikes in Python API lfirst by time, then gid, then lid.
* Remove redundant old spike handling code from Python lib.

* Delete symlinks from repository for Windows devs
* Dropped extension of executable scripts to follow shell convention
* set executable bits in scripts/

Co-authored-by: Robin De Schepper <robin.deschepper93gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Brent Huisman <brent@huisman.pl>

* Raise KeyError in catalogue.
* Raise KeyError in label_dict.